Idealism and Realism

Idealism and Realism

 This article is all about balancing idealism and realism, America’s quest for world order Let begin with the nature of the international order that was at issue when the Soviet Union emerged as a challenge to the Westphalia state system. With decades of hindsight, one can debate whether the balance sought by America was always … Read more

American Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq

American Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq

After an anguishing discussion of the “lessons of Vietnam,” equally intense dilemmas recapitulated themselves three decades later with wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Both conflicts had their origins in a breakdown of international order. For America, both ended in withdrawal. AFGHANISTAN Al-Qaeda, having issued a fatwa in 1998 calling for the indiscriminate killing of Americans … Read more

law and order organized crime

law and order organized crime

law and order organized crime The term “organized crime” conjures up images of strong men in dark suits, machine gun-toting bodyguards, rituals of allegiance to secret organizations, professional “gangland” killings, and meetings of “family” leaders who chart the course of crime much as the board members at General Motors decide on the country’s transportation needs. … Read more

Judicial Activism and the Struggle for Constitutional Supremacy in Pakistan

Judicial Activism and the Struggle for Constitutional Supremacy in Pakistan

The Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP), Justice Qazi Faez Isa, often goes out of his way to not provide interpretations of constitutional texts. Interpretation can sometimes distort the intended meaning of the text. In May 2022, former CJP Umar Atta Bandial interpreted Article 63-A of the constitution to mean that the votes of the members … Read more

cold war consensus

cold war consensus

 This article is all about the erosion of Cold War consensus from Korea to Vietnam. let begin.Even amidst the hardships of the Korean War, a combination of Wilsonian principles and Rooseveltian geostrategy produced extraordinary momentum behind the first decade and a half of Cold War policy. Despite the incipient domestic debate, it saw America through … Read more

The Complex Dance of US-China Diplomacy

The Complex Dance of US-China Diplomacy

This article is all about the complex dance of China diplomacy in the current age of the world system Let’s begin with the, increased diplomatic engagement between the US and China has helped to bring down the temperature in their fraught relationship. But it has not yielded any agreement on the key issues that divide … Read more

What is Capitalism – Decoding the Logic of Capitalism

What is Capitalism

Poverty amid plenty and joyless affluence are but symptoms of a profound disorder. Tibor Scitovsky Capitalism, in its classical laissez-faire sense, does not exist anywhere. has been modified over the centuries. Governments have intervened extensively to correct some of its deficiencies and to offset, at least partly, some of its adverse effects on equity. Nevertheless, … Read more

Puzzled in US Individuals

Puzzled in US Individuals

Decades ago, one of my paternal uncles, who is a US citizen, told me that whenever news of Israeli attacks against Palestinians begins to dominate the general discourse, American television networks unleash a series of big-budgeted soap operas. Puzzled in US Individuals He said this in 1982 when I was just 15. But I remember … Read more